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元件指南
VectorBuilder提供了许多常用的载体元件，可供用户在设计载体时进行选择。下表按类型提供了这些常用元件的详细信息。
备注:
连接子（linker）用于连接由单个启动子驱动的多个ORF同时表达。连接子（linker）有两种类型：
连接子（linker）用于连接由单个启动子驱动的多个ORF同时表达。连接子（linker）有两种类型：
- 通读型连接子（例如融合连接子或2A肽）：上游ORF缺少终止密码子，使得翻译从上游ORF通过连接子进入下游的ORF。
- 非通读型连接子（例如IRES）：上游ORF以终止密码子结束，使得上游ORF的翻译在到达接头之前终止。
融合蛋白（通读型连接子）
| 姓名 | 描述 | Application Notes | References | 序列 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3xGGGGS | 3 tandem GGGGS | Commonly used flexible linker for fusing two proteins. | Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 65: 1357 (2013) | View |
| 3xGS | 3 tandem GS | Flexible linker for fusing two proteins. | Protein Sci. 22:153 (2013) | View |
2A肽（通读型连接子）
| 姓名 | 描述 | Application Notes | References | 序列 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2A | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Thosea asigna virus | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. P2A and T2A have higher cleavage efficiency compared to other 2As. | PLoS One. 6:e18556 (2011) | View |
| P2A | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Porcine teschovirus-1 | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. P2A and T2A have higher cleavage efficiency compared to other 2As. | PLoS One. 6:e18556 (2011) | View |
| F2A | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from foot-and-mouth disease virus | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. | PLoS One. 6:e18556 (2011) | View |
| E2A | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Equine rhinitis A virus | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. | PLoS One. 6:e18556 (2011) | View |
| T2A(dme) | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Thosea asigna virus, codon-optimized for Drosophila melanogaster. | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. P2A and T2A have higher cleavage efficiency compared to other 2As. | PLoS One. 9:e100637 (2014); Genetics. 190:1139 (2012) | View |
| P2A(dme) | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Porcine teschovirus-1, codon-optimized for Drosophila melanogaster. | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. P2A and T2A have higher cleavage efficiency compared to other 2As. | PLoS One. 9:e100637 (2014); Genetics. 190:1139 (2012) | View |
| E2A(dme) | Self-cleaving 2A peptide from Equine rhinitis A virus, codon-optimized for Drosophila melanogaster. | Causes co-translational cleavage of the encoded polypeptide. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by 2A. | PLoS One. 9:e100637 (2014); Genetics. 190:1139 (2012) | View |
内部核糖体进入位点（IRES，非通读型连接子）
| 姓名 | 描述 | Application Notes | References | 序列 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRES | Encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site | Recruits ribosome to initiate translation internally on a transcript independent of its 5' end. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by IRES. | Biotechniques. 41:283 (2006) | View |
| Ubx-IRES | Drosophila melanogaster Ultrabithorax internal ribosome entry site | Recruits ribosomes to initiate translation internally on a transcript independent of its 5' end. Multiple proteins can be made from a polycistronic transcript containing multiple ORFs separated by IRES. | Development. 122:747 (1996); The EMBO Journal. 6:1775 (1987) | View |